@Book{ 6941, title = {Information: der Geist in der Natur}, year = {2011}, pages = {158}, abstract = {Wir leben mitten in einem üppigen Theater millionenfach variierter pflanzlicher und tierischer Formen. Sie bedecken die Oberfläche der Erde und erwecken unsere Bewunderung und unser ästhetisches Empfinden. Die Gesetze dieser Vielfalt – ihren „Geist“ also – haben wir allerdings noch kaum ergründet. Valentin Braitenberg ist Hirnforscher und Kybernetiker. Er hat sich ein Leben lang bemüht, komplexe Verschaltungen im Gehirn als technische Lösungen verhaltensphysiologischer Aufgaben zu erklären. In diesem Buch geht seine Ambition noch einen Schritt weiter: Im Begriff der Information, der in der „künstlichen Intelligenz“ eine zentrale Rolle spielt, sieht er das Äquivalent zum „Geist in der Natur“. Mit nüchternem, wissenschaftlich-kritischem Blick und doch immer wieder augenzwinkernd präsentiert er uns die Geister, die uns umgeben – und zeigt auf ebenso unterhaltsame wie verblüffende Weise, dass sie ihren festen Platz in der Wissenschaft verdient haben. Ein uraltes philosophisches Problem wird so entzaubert.}, web_url = {http://www.schattauer.de/shop/product_info.php/info/p590_Information---der-Geist-in-der-Natur.html/XTCsid/b28c0b318e03f3e10c18cebc4ac95d3b}, publisher = {Schattauer}, address = {Stuttgart, Germany}, series = {Wissen & Leben}, state = {published}, ISBN = {978-3-7945-2768-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6880, title = {L‘immagine del mondo nella testa}, year = {2008}, pages = {171}, abstract = {Valentino Braitenberg, tra i pionieri della cibernetica, non è nuovo alle provocazioni intellettuali. Ne ha dato prova, già nel 1984, con un libro in cui proponeva di costruire semplici robot per «sintetizzare» comportamenti complessi che un osservatore esterno avrebbe attribuito a stati mentali come la paura, l’aggressività, la curiosità. Era un primo passo verso una modellazione in silico del vivente. La stessa originalità di impostazione, la stessa verve iconoclasta e lo stesso gusto per le contaminazioni interdisciplinari caratterizzano le sue ricerche sul cervello, nelle quali ha sempre mirato a collegare le funzioni cerebrali ai fenomeni della psicologia. Gli è però rimasto pendente un debito: l’inserimento del mondo dei segnali e dei messaggi, dei cervelli e delle idee in una visione più generale, senza soluzione di continuità fra le cose biologiche e quelle inanimate. Colmare tale lacuna è un compito per il quale forse non siamo ancora maturi, ma sembra lecito affrontare il problema con un approccio che Braitenberg stesso definisce «presocratico». Ne è una dimostrazione questo libro sorprendente, cui sarà grato anche il lettore non abituato a ragionare in termini di formule matematiche, ma disposto a esercitare la propria fantasia. Un libro che parla con divertita ironia di introspezione e coscienza, del mondo fisico e dell’informazione nel vivente, del sistema nervoso e degli aspetti mentali del cervello, illustrando magistralmente, in poche pagine scintillanti, i meccanismi del pensiero, del linguaggio, della percezione. E che si conclude con il bello, il piacere e il riso.}, publisher = {Adelphi}, address = {Milano, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {978-88-45922-52-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6879, title = {La vergine e i filosofi: romanzo}, year = {2006}, pages = {123}, publisher = {Traven Books}, address = {Laives, France}, state = {published}, ISBN = {88-89903-07-4}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 2491, title = {Das Bild der Welt im Kopf: Eine Naturgeschichte des Geistes}, year = {2004}, pages = {250}, publisher = {Lit}, address = {Münster, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-8258-7181-9}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ Braitenberg2004, title = {Vehikel: Experimente mit kybernetischen Wesen}, year = {2004}, pages = {156}, publisher = {Lit}, address = {Münster, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-8258-7160-6}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 454, title = {Ill oder Der Engel und die Philosophen}, year = {1999}, month = {3}, pages = {159}, publisher = {Haffmans}, address = {Zürich, Switzerland}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-251-00424-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 458, title = {Wörter, Wörter, Wörter!}, year = {1999}, pages = {40}, publisher = {Wallstein-Verlag}, address = {Göttingen, Germany}, series = {Göttinger Sudelblätter}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-89244-334-3}, author = {Sabin S, Gahse Z and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 346, title = {Cortex: Statistics and Geometry of Neuronal Connectivity}, year = {1998}, pages = {249}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-63816-4}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Sch\"uz A{schuez}} } @Book{ 6869, title = {Brain Theory: Biological Basis and Computational Principles}, year = {1996}, pages = {300}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780444820464}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , A. Aertsen}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, state = {published}, ISBN = {978-0-444-82046-4}, author = {Aertsen A and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6868, title = {Die Natur ist unser Modell von ihr: Forschung und Philosophie ; das Bozner Treffen 1995}, year = {1996}, pages = {224}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , I. Hosp}, publisher = {Rowohlt}, address = {Reinbek bei Hamburg, Germany}, series = {Rororo ; 60254 : Sachbuch : rororo science}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-499-60254-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 610, title = {Il gusto della lingua: Meccanismi cerebrali e strutture grammaticali}, year = {1996}, pages = {165}, publisher = {Alpha & Beta}, address = {Merano, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {88-7223-026-8}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6882, title = {Simulation: Computer zwischen Experiment und Theorie}, year = {1995}, pages = {175}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , I. Hosp}, publisher = {Rowohlt}, address = {Reinbek bei Hamburg, Germany}, series = {Rororo : Sachbuch : Rororo science ; 9927}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-499-19927-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Hosp I} } @Book{ 6866, title = {Evolution: Entwicklung und Organisation in der Natur ; das Bozner Treffen 1993}, year = {1994}, pages = {256}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , I. Hosp}, publisher = {Rowohlt}, address = {Reinbek bei Hamburg, Germany}, series = {Rororo ; 9706 : Sachbuch : rororo-science}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-499-19706-5}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Hosp I} } @Book{ 1453, title = {Vehikel: Experimente mit kybernetischen Wesen}, year = {1993}, pages = {156}, publisher = {Rowohlt}, address = {Reinbek bei Hamburg, Germany}, series = {Rororo Science ; 9531}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-8258-7160-6}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6919, title = {Information Processing in the Cortex: Experiments and Theory}, year = {1992}, pages = {477}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , A. Aertsen}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-55391-6}, author = {Aertsen A and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6881, title = {Anatomy of the cortex: statistics and geometry}, year = {1991}, pages = {249}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-53233-1}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Sch\"uz A{schuez}} } @Book{ 6877, title = {Véhicules: expériences en psychologie synthétique}, year = {1991}, pages = {171}, publisher = {Presses Polytechniques Romandes}, address = {Lausanne, Switzerland}, state = {published}, ISBN = {2-88074-223-4}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6878, title = {Il cervello e le idee: saggi sull‘intelligenza, il linguaggio, la scienza}, year = {1989}, pages = {231}, publisher = {Garzanti}, address = {Milano, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {88-11-59272-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 2494, title = {Gescheit sein: und andere unwissenschaftliche Essays}, year = {1987}, pages = {185}, publisher = {Haffmans}, address = {Zürich, Switzerland}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-251-00112-4}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6883, title = {Künstliche Wesen}, year = {1987}, pages = {232}, publisher = {Tetsugaku Shobo}, address = {Tokyo, Japan}, state = {published}, ISBN = {4-88679-013-5, Japanisch}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6876, title = {Künstliche Wesen: Verhalten kybernetischer Vehikel}, year = {1986}, pages = {147}, publisher = {Vieweg}, address = {Braunschweig, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-528-08949-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6875, title = {I veicoli pensanti: saggio di psicologia sintetica}, year = {1984}, pages = {127}, publisher = {Garzanti}, address = {Milano, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6874, title = {Vehicles: experiments in synthetic psychology}, year = {1984}, pages = {152}, publisher = {MIT Press}, address = {Cambridge, MA, USA}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-262-02208-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 6873, title = {I tessuti intelligenti}, year = {1980}, pages = {167}, publisher = {Paolo Boringhieri}, address = {Torino, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {88-339-0076-2}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 2493, title = {On the Texture of Brains: An introduction to neuroanatomy for the cybernetically minded}, year = {1977}, pages = {127}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, series = {Heidelberg Science Library}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-387-08391-X}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 2492, title = {Gehirngespinste: Neuroanatomie für kybernetisch Interessierte}, year = {1973}, pages = {137}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-06055-3}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Book{ 2495, title = {Atlas of the frog‘s brain}, year = {1969}, pages = {74}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, state = {published}, author = {Kemali M and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Proceedings{ 6870, title = {Il Laboratorio di scienze cognitive dell'Università degli studi di Trento: Saggi e Lavori, Novembre 1999 - Dicembre 2000}, journal = {Il Laboratorio di scienze cognitive dell‘Università degli studi di Trento: Saggi e Lavori, Novembre 1999 - Dicembre 2000}, year = {2003}, pages = {628}, publisher = {Università degli studi di Trento}, address = {Trento, Italy}, event_name = {-}, event_place = {Trento, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {-}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Selvatico D} } @Proceedings{ 6885, title = {Ricerche teoriche e sperimentali di cibernetica svolte nell'anno accademico 1961-1962 nel Laboritorio di cibernetica presso l'Istitutio di fisica teorica dell'Università di Napoli}, year = {1964}, pages = {71}, publisher = {Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche}, address = {Roma, Italy}, series = {Quaderni de La ricerche scientifica ; 11}, event_name = {-}, event_place = {Napoli, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {-}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Caianiello ER} } @Article{ 2066, title = {In Defense of the Cerebellum}, journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences}, year = {2002}, month = {12}, volume = {978}, pages = {175-183}, abstract = {The very special intrinsic connectivity of the cerebellar cortex plays but a minor role in present-day theories of cerebellar function, and it is hardly used as a source of inspiration for experiments. It is argued here that a direct translation of structure into physiological relations inescapably leads to some propositions about cerebellar function that could be tested experimentally.}, web_url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb07565.x/pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb07565.x}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 39, title = {Sequential stimulation of rat cerebellar granular layer in vivo: Further evidence of a "tidal-wave" timing mechanism in the cerebellum}, journal = {Neurocomputing}, year = {2001}, month = {6}, volume = {38-40}, pages = {641-646}, abstract = {Here we present evidence that the cerebellar cortex in vivo specifically responds to sequential input to the granular layer, the main input site of the cerebellar cortex. Ordered sequences of electrical stimuli were delivered through an array of stimulating electrodes in such a way, that an apparent movement of the stimulus was produced. The parallel fiber population responses to sequential stimuli ‘moving‘ at 7 different velocities (0.1-0.7m/s) and in two different directions (towards and away from the recording site) were measured extracellularly in the molecular layer. Population responses were maximal when the stimulus moved towards the recording site at a velocity close to the conduction velocity of parallel fibers. Responses were significantly reduced when the stimulus velocity was higher or lower. We conclude that the characteristic geometrical arrangement of parallel fibers enables the cerebellum to specifically detect precise spatio- temporal activity patterns in the messy fiber system. These findings confirm earlier observations made in vitro and shed new light on the functional interpretation of cerebellar anatomy. Together with recent findings suggesting that precise spatio-temporal activity patterns play a key role in information processing in the neocortex, the results reported here are particularly important concerning the information exchange between the strongly interconnected cerebellum and neocortex. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6V10-435KK2K-32-W&_cdi=5660&_user=29041&_pii=S0925231201004210&_origin=search&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2001&_sk=999599999&view=c&wchp=dGLzVzz-zSkWA&md5=0066f563b9bd167bc1dfdc033c56ba8a&ie=/sdarticle.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1016/S0925-2312(01)00421-0}, author = {Heck D, Sultan F and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 32, title = {Brain size and number of neurons: An exercise in synthetic neuroanatomy.}, journal = {Journal of Computational Neuroscience}, year = {2001}, month = {1}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {71-77}, abstract = {Certain remarkable invariances have long been known in comparative neuroanatomy, such as the proportionality between neuronal density and the inverse of the cubic root of brain volume or that between the square root of brain weight and the cubic root of body weight. Very likely these quantitative relations reflect some general principles of the architecture of neuronal networks. Under the assumption that most of brain volume is due to fibers, we propose four abstract models: I, constant fiber length per neuron; II, fiber length proportionate to brain diameter; III, complete set of connections between all neurons; IV, complete set of connections between compartments each containing the square root of the total number of neurons. Model I conforms well to the cerebellar cortex. Model II yields the observed comparative invariances between number of neurons and brain size. Model III is totally unrealistic, while Model IV is compatible with the volume of the hemispheric white substance in different mammalian species.}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/urw001q26p140733/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1023/A:1008920127052}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 2062, title = {Thoughts on the neuronal hardware of language}, journal = {Cognitive Processing}, year = {2001}, volume = {2}, number = {2-3}, pages = {263-278}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 75, title = {Informationsbiologie (Wenn ich heute Postdoc wäre ...)}, journal = {Laborjournal}, year = {2000}, volume = {9}, pages = {18-20}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6890, title = {Selection, the Impersonal Engineer}, journal = {Artificial Life}, year = {1998}, month = {10}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {309-310}, note = {Reprint of Chapter 6 from Vehicles, Experiments in Synthetic Psychology}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1162/106454698568611}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 493, title = {The detection and generation of sequences as a key to cerebellar function: experiments and theory}, journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences}, year = {1997}, month = {6}, volume = {20}, number = {2}, pages = {229-245}, web_url = {http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&pdftype=1&fid=29232&jid=BBS&volumeId=20&issueId=&aid=29231}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}, Heck D and Sultan F} } @Article{ 494, title = {Waiting for the ultimate theory of the cerebellum}, journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences}, year = {1997}, month = {6}, volume = {20}, number = {2}, pages = {267-271}, abstract = {Although our idea of sequential input being a key to cerebellar function was taken seriously by most commentators, there were also objections, based in part on experimental evidence that seems to contradict our intuitions and in part on commentators‘ preferences for different schemes. Several were suspicious of experiments (performed on slices of cerebellar tissue) that may have severed some of the synaptic connections, particularly the inhibitory ones. It is our feeling that a modification of our theory that could satisfy most critics would not have to be very radical.}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}, Heck D and Sultan F} } @Article{ 353, title = {Searching for language mechanisms in the brain}, journal = {Cybernetics and Systems}, year = {1997}, month = {4}, volume = {28}, number = {3}, pages = {187-213}, web_url = {http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/ftinterface~content=a713835832~fulltext=713240930~frm=content}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1080/019697297126146}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6861, title = {L‘imitazione degli automi naturali}, journal = {Sistemi e Impresa}, year = {1993}, month = {10}, volume = {39}, number = {10}, pages = {13-15}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6859, title = {Shapes and sizes of different mammalian cerebella: A study in quantitative comparative neuroanatomy}, journal = {Journal für Hirnforschung}, year = {1993}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, pages = {79-92}, state = {published}, author = {Sultan F and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6891, title = {Entwurf einer neurologischen Theorie der Sprache}, journal = {Naturwissenschaften}, year = {1992}, month = {3}, volume = {79}, number = {3}, pages = {103-117}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/mt80u05511m11793/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF01131538}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Pulverm\"uller F} } @Article{ 6917, title = {Why is the output of the cerebellum inhibitory?}, journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences}, year = {1992}, volume = {15}, pages = {715-717}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Preissl H} } @Article{ 6926, title = {Reading the structure of brains}, journal = {Network}, year = {1990}, month = {1}, volume = {1}, number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, abstract = {It is a fashionable philosophical tenet to consider Darwinian evolution as a process which incorporates knowledge into brains. We ask ourselves: can this knowledge about the world be recognised in the structure of brains? The present article gives a partial answer to this. Mechanisms of information handling and storage may well be related to the impressive major cortices of the vertebrate brain, the cerebral and the cerebellar cortices. The structure of the first fits the idea of an associative memory while the second strongly suggests computation of movement in terms of velocities. In some insect brains the mechanisms of visual perception can be related to detailed neuroanatomical structure, and one such network incorporates knowledge about the optics of a camera-type eye. Another one provides the wiring that would be expected in a set of velocity detectors using the principle of cross-correlation of neighbouring inputs. Knowledge acquired during a lifetime is also laid down in brains but the search for the ‘engram’ in the structure of brains has not yet been very successful.}, web_url = {http://informahealthcare.com/doi/pdf/10.1088/0954-898X_1_1_001}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6924, title = {La corteccia cerebrale come sede di memoria associativa}, journal = {Sistemi Intelligenti}, year = {1990}, volume = {2}, pages = {213-227}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 1785, title = {Cortex: hohe Ordnung oder grösstmögliches Durcheinander?}, journal = {Spektrum der Wissenschaft}, year = {1989}, month = {5}, volume = {1989}, number = {5}, pages = {74-86}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Sch\"uz A{schuez}} } @Article{ 6928, title = {Der Wurm im Ich}, journal = {Kursbuch}, year = {1989}, volume = {95}, pages = {39-45}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6932, title = {Monistische Meditationen}, journal = {Kursbuch}, year = {1988}, volume = {91}, pages = {161-171}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6945, title = {Lalula: das Nichtverstandenwerden und die Sprache}, journal = {Kursbuch}, year = {1986}, volume = {84}, pages = {52-56}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6944, title = {Sieben Schnitte durch die Wissenschaft}, journal = {Das Fenster: Tiroler Kulturzeitschrift}, year = {1986}, volume = {1986}, pages = {3863-3866}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6958, title = {Gescheit sein!}, journal = {Kursbuch}, year = {1985}, volume = {80}, pages = {1-9}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6960, title = {Tentakeln des Geistes}, journal = {Kursbuch}, year = {1984}, volume = {78}, pages = {35-45}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6966, title = {Alla ricerca di morfemi all‘interno del cervello}, journal = {Giornale Italiano di Psicologia}, year = {1983}, volume = {3}, pages = {521-541}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6963, title = {The cerebellum revisited}, journal = {Journal of Theoretical Neurobiology}, year = {1983}, volume = {2}, pages = {237-241}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6968, title = {Das Gehirn: die graue Eminenz des Verhaltens}, journal = {Das Fenster: Tiroler Kulturzeitschrift}, year = {1982}, volume = {31}, pages = {3114-3120}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 3907, title = {Geometry of orientation columns in the visual cortex}, journal = {Biological Cybernetics}, year = {1979}, month = {8}, volume = {33}, number = {3}, pages = {179-186}, abstract = {The optimal direction of lines in the visual field to which neurons in the visual cortex respond changes in a regular way when the recording electrode progresses tangentially through the cortex (Hubel and Wiesel, 1962). It is possible to reconstruct the field of orientations from long, sometimes multiple parallel penetrations (Hubel and Wiesel, 1974; Albus, 1975) by assuming that the orientations are arranged radially around centers. A method is developed which makes it possible to define uniquely the position of the centers in the vicinity of the electrode track. They turn out to be spaced at distances of about 0.5 mm and may be tentatively identified with the positions of the giant cells of Meynert.}, file_url = {/fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/Geometry%20of%20Orientation%20Columns%20in%20the%20Visual%20Cortex_3907[0].pdf}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/g7k5231q522r6354/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00337296}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Braitenberg C} } @Article{ 6892, title = {The concept of symmetry in neuroanatomy}, journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences}, year = {1977}, month = {9}, volume = {299}, pages = {186-196}, web_url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb41906.x/pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb41906.x}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6893, title = {Some peculiar synaptic complexes in the first visual ganglion of the fly, Musca domestica}, journal = {Cell and Tissue Research}, year = {1976}, month = {10}, volume = {173}, number = {3}, pages = {287-308}, abstract = {In the lamina ganglionaris, the first optic ganglion of the fly, the inventory of cell types as well as the patterns of their connections are well known from light microscopic investigations. Even the synaptic contacts are known with relative completeness. However, the structural details visible on electron micrographs are very difficult to interpret in functional terms. This paper concentrates on two aspects: 1) the synaptic complex between a retinula cell axon and four postsynaptic elements, arranged in a constant elongated array (it is suggested that all synapses in which the retinula cell is presynaptic are of this kind), and 2) the ldquognarlrdquo complex in which a presynaptic specialization in one neuron is separated from another neuron by a complicated glial invagination. The participation of glia at postsynaptic sites seems to be quite common in this ganglion. Occasionally it seems that a glia cell is the only postsynaptic partner facing a presynaptic specialization within a neuron.}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/w780623121953444/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00220317}, author = {Burkhardt W and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6895, title = {Letter to the editor}, journal = {Neuroscience Letters}, year = {1975}, month = {12}, volume = {1}, number = {6}, pages = {351-351}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6T0G-484MF2W-B-1&_cdi=4862&_user=29041&_pii=0304394075900257&_origin=search&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1975&_sk=999989993&view=c&wchp=dGLbVlW-zSkWb&md5=c65bec5f3f1cf324f476a815401c8126&ie=/sdarticle.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1016/0304-3940(75)90025-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6896, title = {Thoughts on the cerebral cortex}, journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology}, year = {1974}, month = {8}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {421-427}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6WMD-4F1SV94-BV-1&_cdi=6932&_user=29041&_pii=0022519374900071&_origin=search&_coverDate=08%2F31%2F1974&_sk=999539997&view=c&wchp=dGLbVtz-zSkWb&md5=e9fcc7e7cfb9a4bb441ee1883747421e&ie=/sdarticle.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1016/0022-5193(74)90007-1}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6983, title = {A regular net of reciprocal synapses in the visual system of the fly, Musca domestica}, journal = {Journal of Comparative Physiology}, year = {1974}, month = {3}, volume = {90}, number = {1}, pages = {25-31}, abstract = {In the first visual ganglion of the fly (Musca domestica) there are many similar visual channels (ldquocartridgesrdquo), connected to each other by various systems of fibers, the most regular of which consists of the collateral branches of the L4 neuron, which is contained in each cartridge. The three collaterals of L4 run to three different cartridges, one of which is the parent cartridge of the neuron, the other two being neighbours of that cartridge in two directions of an hexagonal array (Figs. 1a, 3). Within each cartridge there are thus the endings of three collaterals (from three different L4 neurons). These make close physical contact, and serial sectioning shows that each collateral is presynaptic to the other two (Fig. 2). It follows that there are reciprocal synapses between any pair of these collaterals. The network of relationships thus set up is the simplest scheme of coupling in a hexagonal array (Fig. 1a, b, c).}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/p64625j08275l75r/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00698364}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Debbage P} } @Article{ 6897, title = {Remarks on the Texture of Brains}, journal = {International Journal of Neuroscience}, year = {1973}, month = {7}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {5-6}, web_url = {http://informahealthcare.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/00207457309147178}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6898, title = {Patterns of projection in the visual system of the fly II: Quantitative aspects of second order neurons in relation to models of movement perception}, journal = {Experimental Brain Research}, year = {1972}, month = {12}, volume = {16}, number = {2}, pages = {184-209}, abstract = {A method was developed for the numbering of the 3,000 subunits of the lamina ganglionaris on eleotronmicroscopical preparations. Thus measurements of fiber size could be related to the position of the elements on a map of the ganglion. A striking gradient of the thickness of one of the lamina neurons, L3, was found to be correlated with the size of the corresponding lenses of the compound eye. The size of two more second order neurons, L1 and L2 also varies depending on their position in the ganglion, but according to a pattern different from that of the variation of L3. These findings are discussed in connexion with current models of movement perception in the fly.}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/k0594848xn63m2m7/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00233996}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Hauser-Holschuh H} } @Article{ 6899, title = {Ordnung und Orientierung der Elemente im Sehsystem der Fliege}, journal = {Kybernetik}, year = {1970}, month = {12}, volume = {7}, number = {6}, pages = {235-242}, abstract = {The neural elements in the visual ganglia of insects show an uncommonly high degree of order. The mapping of the array of sensory elements in the periphery (of sampling points in the visual space) onto four successive levels of the ganglionic chain can be quite precisely described, each neuron in the ganglia being related to a point, or a set of points, in the visual field. Also some of the fibers which connect neurons related to different visual-space-points are very precisely oriented. One of these sets of fibers oriented obliquely appear to match the interactions postulated on the basis of one of Götz‘s (1968) models of movement perception in flies. Some embryological questions are also raised by the high degree of order and by the curious mirror symmetry with respect to the mid-sagittal plane on one hand and to the equatorial plane on the other, which pervades the whole system.}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/hm5768360485628h/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00272661}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6989, title = {The compound eye of the fly (Musca domestica): connections between the cartridges of the lamina ganglionaris}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie}, year = {1970}, month = {6}, volume = {70}, number = {2}, pages = {95-104}, abstract = {In addition to the three first order interneurons (L1, L2, L3) which are present in each optic cartridge of the lamina, a fourth type of interneuron (L4) has been discovered whose collaterals to other cartridges compose an orderly network arrangement of fibres under the lamina‘s inner face.Zusätzlich zu den drei Interneuronen erster Ordnung (L1, L2, L3), die in jeder ldquorCartridgeldquo der Lamina vorkommen, wurde ein vierter Interneuronentyp (L4) gefunden, dessen zu anderen Cartridges gerichtete Kollateralen ein regelmäßig angeordnetes Fasernetz an der Innenseite der Lamina bilden.}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/p73l526226h24518/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00297712}, author = {Strausfeld NJ and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6900, title = {Exceptions to bilateral symmetry in the epithalamus of lower vertebrates}, journal = {Journal of Comparative Neurology}, year = {1970}, month = {2}, volume = {138}, number = {2}, pages = {137-146}, abstract = {Fifty series of sections through the frog‘s brain, four series of the newt‘s brain and two series of the eel‘s brain were searched for asymmetries in the epithalamic region. Marked differences between the right and left habenular nuclei were found in all cases, in the sense that the left one had a more lobate structure than its right counterpart.}, web_url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cne.901380203/pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1002/cne.901380203}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Kemali M} } @Article{ 6990, title = {Hirnforschung zwischen Lokalisationslehre und Systemanalyse}, journal = {Attempto}, year = {1970}, volume = {35-36}, pages = {43-48}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 1728, title = {Auslösung von Elementarprozessen durch einzelne Lichtquanten im Fliegenauge: Verhaltensexperimente an der Stubenfliege Musca}, journal = {Kybernetik}, year = {1968}, month = {11}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {148-169}, web_url = {http://springerlink.metapress.com/content/kw1q4724353x1747/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00271248}, author = {Reichardt W{wreichardt}, Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Weidel G} } @Article{ 7007, title = {Contributi tecnici e concettuali dell‘elettronica allo studio dei cervelli viventi}, journal = {Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei}, year = {1968}, volume = {365}, number = {110}, pages = {1-1}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 3401, title = {Optische und neurale Projektion der Umwelt auf die Ganglien im Komplexauge der Fliege}, journal = {Mitteilungen der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft}, year = {1968}, volume = {1968}, number = {3}, pages = {185-206}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Kirschfeld K{kuno}} } @Article{ 6901, title = {Correlation of CrystaL Growth with the Staining of Axons by the Golgi Procedure}, journal = {Stain Technology}, year = {1967}, month = {11}, volume = {42}, number = {6}, pages = {277-283}, abstract = {The surface of the specimens subjected to a modified Golgi technique (formalin fixed material; specimens in the following solution for 8-10 days at 27 C: 3% K2Cr2O7, 100 ml, with the addition of 2.5-10 ml of 10% formalin and 6-25 gm of sucrose; then in 0.75% AgNO3 for at least 2 days at 27 C) is sometimes covered with a fur of filamentous crystals and sometimes with a powdery precipitate of laminar crystals. In a series of experiments in which about 500 blocks of tissue were treated with variations of the staining procedure, good axonal stain was positively correlated with the appearance of filamentous crystals. These filaments have a thickness of 1-4 μ and grow at a rate of 160-330 μ/hr, reaching a length of 2-7 mm.}, web_url = {http://informahealthcare.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/10520296709115026}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}, Guglielmotti V and Sada E} } @Article{ 6903, title = {On the use of theories, models and cybernetical toys in brain research}, journal = {Brain Research}, year = {1967}, month = {10}, volume = {6}, number = {2}, pages = {201-216}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6SYR-484M7DR-VB-1&_cdi=4841&_user=29041&_pii=0006899367901916&_origin=browse&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F1967&_sk=999939997&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzz-zSkWA&md5=26a4931a483052d5ae3df74f35413e53&ie=/sdarticle.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1016/0006-8993(67)90191-6}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6905, title = {Patterns of projection in the visual system of the fly. I. Retina-lamina projections}, journal = {Experimental Brain Research}, year = {1967}, month = {3}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {271-298}, abstract = {In each compound eye of the fly about 3200 ommatidia are arranged in a peculiarly distorted hexagonal array. Each ommatidium contains 7+1 rhabdomeres arranged in the asymmetrical pattern of the retinula. 7 fibers leaving each ommatidium are distributed onto 7 synaptic sites in the first optic ganglion (lamina ganglionaris), again arranged asymmetrically around the axis of the ommatidium. Taking into account the distortion of the macroscopical array and considering Kirschfeld‘s findings on the optical properties of the ommatidial lens, this complicated pattern of projection can be explained by the simple principle that all the fibers carrying information from the same point of the optical environment are united into one synaptic site of the lamina ganglionaris.}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/h252720747g22367/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00235589}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6910, title = {Unsymmetrische Projektion der Retinulazellen auf die Lamina ganglionaris bei der Fliege Musca domestica}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie}, year = {1966}, month = {6}, volume = {52}, number = {2}, pages = {212-214}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/t75m57108r3333t9/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00343161}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6906, title = {Landing reaction of musca domestica induced by visual stimuli}, journal = {Naturwissenschaften}, year = {1966}, month = {3}, volume = {53}, number = {6}, pages = {155-155}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/q46461563mq22h52/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00591892}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Ferretti CT} } @Article{ 6907, title = {Electroencephalographic evidence of "Gestalt" in the perception of movement by the frog}, journal = {Kybernetik}, year = {1965}, month = {10}, volume = {2}, number = {6}, pages = {284-287}, abstract = {Some records, obtained from the surface of the optic tectum of the frog with moving visual stimuli are presented as evidence of a global oscillation of the tectal activity whose time course is specific for different patterns of stimulation. The research reported in this document has been sponsored by the 6570th Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory under grant AF EOAR 65-44 through the European Office of Aerospace Research (OAR), United States Air Force.}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/v20w84hx37760562/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00274091}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6908, title = {Observations on spike sequences from spontaneously active Purkinje cells in the frog}, journal = {Kybernetik}, year = {1965}, month = {6}, volume = {2}, number = {5}, pages = {197-205}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/n221q7p1182585p5/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF00306415}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}, Gambardella G, Ghigo G and Vota U} } @Article{ 6909, title = {What can be learned from spike interval histograms about synaptic mechanisms}, journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology}, year = {1965}, month = {5}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {419-425}, abstract = {The distribution of intervals between successive spikes in the output of a cerebellar neuron of the frog can be readily obtained. It is reasonable to assume that the distribution of levels of excitation in the input of the neuron be Gaussian. From the comparison of the two distributions the function can be inferred which relates inter-spike intervals to levels of afferent excitation. The function obtained is in good agreement with some well-known curves describing the variation of the threshold after each spike, suggesting that the mechanisms by which spike sequences are generated is essentially based on this threshold variation.}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6WMD-4F1SV94-GT-1&_cdi=6932&_user=29041&_pii=0022519365900202&_origin=browse&_coverDate=05%2F31%2F1965&_sk=999919996&view=c&wchp=dGLzVzb-zSkzV&md5=ebc3f574e0c708165b041e0c85f17a1f&ie=/sdarticle.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1016/0022-5193(65)90020-2}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 7011, title = {Osservazioni sul metodo cromoargentico di Golgi}, journal = {Laboratorio Scientifico}, year = {1964}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {65-72}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Sada E} } @Article{ 7014, title = {Considerazioni cibernetiche sulla logica}, journal = {Scientia}, year = {1963}, volume = {98}, pages = {233-238}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6912, title = {A note on myeloarchitectonics}, journal = {Journal of Comparative Neurology}, year = {1962}, month = {4}, volume = {118}, number = {2}, pages = {141-156}, web_url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cne.901180202/pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1002/cne.901180202}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 7001, title = {Functional Interpretation of Cerebellar Histology}, journal = {Nature}, year = {1961}, month = {5}, volume = {190}, number = {4775}, pages = {539-540}, web_url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v190/n4775/pdf/190539b0.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1038/190539b0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 7002, title = {Funktionelle Deutung von Strukturen in der grauen Substanz des Nervensystems}, journal = {Naturwissenschaften}, year = {1961}, month = {1}, volume = {48}, number = {14}, pages = {489-496}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/w256735n687l611q/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 7027, title = {Sulle possibili ragioni dell‘eccellenza dei cervelli naturali rispetto a quelli artificiali}, journal = {Scientia}, year = {1961}, volume = {55}, pages = {1-5}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 7028, title = {Toward a mathematical description of the grey substance of nervous systems}, journal = {Il Nuovo Cimento}, year = {1960}, month = {10}, volume = {18}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {149-165}, web_url = {http://springerlink.com/content/m7j682150381871v/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF02783537}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Lauria F} } @Article{ 7029, title = {Morphology of nerve nets}, journal = {Il Nuovo Cimento}, year = {1959}, month = {9}, volume = {13}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {521-531}, web_url = {http://springerlink.com/content/m761462743g6h137/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF02724683}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 7030, title = {A system of coupled oscillators as a functional model of neuronal assemblies}, journal = {Il Nuovo Cimento}, year = {1959}, month = {1}, volume = {11}, number = {2}, pages = {278-282}, web_url = {http://springerlink.com/content/b3l1807l488584k3/fulltext.pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/BF02859721}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}, Caianiello ER, Lauria F and Onesto N} } @Article{ 7031, title = {L‘imitazione degli automi naturali}, journal = {Methodos}, year = {1959}, volume = {11}, pages = {1-9}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6913, title = {Morphological observations on the cerebellar cortex}, journal = {Journal of Comparative Neurology}, year = {1958}, month = {2}, volume = {109}, number = {1}, pages = {1-33}, web_url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cne.901090102/pdf}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1002/cne.901090102}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Atwood RP} } @Article{ 6914, title = {Malattia demielinizzante tipo Schilder a decorso acutissimo}, journal = {Rivista di Neurologia}, year = {1955}, month = {10}, volume = {25}, number = {5}, pages = {771-786}, file_url = {/fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/RivNeurologia-1955-25-55_6914[0].pdf}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Callieri B} } @Article{ 7035, title = {Il metodo più rapido di colorazione delle fibre mieliniche}, journal = {Laboratorio Scientifico}, year = {1955}, volume = {3}, pages = {1-1}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 7034, title = {Storia dei bromuri e dei composti organici di sintesi nella cura dell‘epilessia}, journal = {Recenti Progressi in Medicina}, year = {1955}, volume = {19}, pages = {419-433}, state = {published}, author = {Spaccarelli G and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6915, title = {Zur Frage der anatomischen Veränderungen des Gehirns bei Schizophrenie}, journal = {Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift}, year = {1954}, month = {4}, volume = {96}, number = {14}, pages = {365-367}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 6916, title = {Sugli astrocitomi diffusi}, journal = {Rivista di Neurologia}, year = {1953}, month = {4}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {97-126}, file_url = {/fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/RivNeurologia-1953-23-53_6916[0].pdf}, state = {published}, author = {Ederli A and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Article{ 7037, title = {Sulle strie orizzontali della corteccia cerebrale}, journal = {Il Lavoro Neuropsichiatrico}, year = {1953}, volume = {13}, pages = {398-409}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 1433, title = {Remarks on the semantics of "information"}, journal = {Il Laboratorio di scienze cognitive dell‘Università degli studi di Trento: Saggi e Lavori, Novembre 1999 - Dicembre 2000}, year = {2003}, pages = {239-241}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , D. Selvatico}, publisher = {Università degli Studi di Trento}, address = {Trento, Italy}, event_name = {Il Laboratorio di scienze cognitive dell'Università degli studi di Trento: Saggi e Lavori, Novembre 1999 - Dicembre 2000}, event_place = {Trento, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 1432, title = {Sketch of a proof of Goldbach‘s conjecture}, journal = {Il Laboratorio di scienze cognitive dell‘Università degli studi di Trento: Saggi e Lavori, Novembre 1999 - Dicembre 2000}, year = {2003}, pages = {470-479}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , D. Selvatico}, publisher = {Universitá degli Studi di Trento}, address = {Trento, Italy}, event_name = {Il Laboratorio di scienze cognitive dell'Università degli studi di Trento: Saggi e Lavori, Novembre 1999 - Dicembre 2000}, event_place = {Trento, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6921, title = {The cerebellar network}, journal = {Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Conceptual Tools for Understanding Nature}, year = {1995}, pages = {1-1}, editor = {Costa, G. , G. Calucci, M. Giorgi}, publisher = {World Scientific}, address = {Singapore}, booktitle = {Second International Symposium on Conceptual Tools for Understanding Nature}, event_name = {Second International Symposium on Conceptual Tools for Understanding Nature}, event_place = {Trieste, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 1779, title = {Constraints to a random plan of cortical connectivity}, journal = {Structural and functional organization of the neocortex: proceedings of a symposium in the memory of Otto D. Creutzfeldt, May 1993}, year = {1994}, pages = {161-169}, editor = {Albowitz, B. , U. Kuhnt, H.C. Nothdurft, P. Wahle}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Structural and Functional Organization of the Neocortex}, event_name = {Symposium in the Memory of Otto D. Creutzfeldt 1993}, event_place = {Göttingen, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-57205-8}, author = {Sch\"uz A{schuez} and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 1783, title = {Basic features of cortical connectivity and some considerations on language}, journal = {Language Origin: a Multidisciplinary Approach}, year = {1992}, pages = {89-102}, editor = {Wind, J. , B. Chiarelli, B. H. Bichakjian, A. Nocentini, A. Jonker}, publisher = {Kluwer}, address = {Dordrecht, Netherlands}, booktitle = {Language Origin: a Multidisciplinary Approach}, event_name = {NATO Advanced Study Institute on Language Origin: a Multidisciplinary Approach 1988}, event_place = {Cortona, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-7923-1369-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Sch\"uz A{schuez}} } @Inproceedings{ 6922, title = {Logics at different levels in the brain}, journal = {Atti del Congresso Nuovi Problemi della Logica e della Filosofia della Scienza}, year = {1991}, pages = {1-1}, editor = {Constantini, D. , M. C. Gavalotti, G. Corsi, G. Sambin}, publisher = {Editrice CLUEB}, address = {Bologna, Italy}, booktitle = {Nuovi Problemi della Logica e della Filosofia della Scienza}, event_name = {Nuovi Problemi della Logica e della Filosofia della Scienza}, event_place = {Viareggio, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6929, title = {Some Types of Movements}, journal = {Artificial life: the Proceedings of an Interdisciplinary Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems}, year = {1988}, pages = {555-565}, file_url = {fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/Some_types_of_movements.pdf}, editor = {Langton, C. G.}, publisher = {Addison-Wesley}, address = {Redwood City, CA, USA}, booktitle = {Proceedings of an Interdisciplinary Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems}, event_name = {Proceedings of an Interdisciplinary Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems}, event_place = {Los Alamos, NM, USA}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-201-09346-4}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6933, title = {Some problems in brain science awaiting theoretical treatment}, journal = {Physics of cognitive processes: Amalfi 1986}, year = {1987}, pages = {75-78}, editor = {Caianiello, E. R.}, publisher = {World Scientific}, address = {Singapore}, booktitle = {Physics of cognitive processes: Amalfi 1986}, event_name = {Physics of cognitive processes: Amalfi 1986}, event_place = {Amalfi, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {9971-50-255-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6935, title = {Describing the brain in logical terms or the logical terms in the brain}, journal = {Atti del Congresso Nuovi Problemi della Logica e della Filosofia della Scienza}, year = {1986}, pages = {1-1}, publisher = {Editrice CLUEB}, address = {Bologna, Italy}, booktitle = {Atti del Congresso Nuovi Problemi della Logica e della Filosofia della Scienza}, event_name = {Atti del Congresso Nuovi Problemi della Logica e della Filosofia della Scienza}, event_place = {San Gimignano, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6947, title = {Two views of the cerebral cortex}, journal = {Brain theory : proceedings of the 1st Trieste Meeting on Brain Theory, Oct. 1 - 4, 1984}, year = {1986}, pages = {81-96}, editor = {Palm, G. , A. Aertsen}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {1st Trieste Meeting on Brain Theory}, event_name = {1st Trieste Meeting on Brain Theory}, event_place = {Trieste, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6969, title = {Outline of a theory of the cerebral cortex}, journal = {Biomathematics in 1980 : papers presented at a workshop on Biomathematics}, year = {1982}, month = {4}, pages = {127-132}, editor = {Ricciardi, L. M., A. Scott}, publisher = {North Holland}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {Workshop on Biomathematics: Current Status and Future Perspectives}, event_name = {Workshop on Biomathematics: Current Status and Future Perspectives}, event_place = {Salerno, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6970, title = {A selection of facts and conjectures about the cerebral cortex inspired by the theory of cell assemblies}, journal = {Advances in Physiological Sciences: Proceedings of the 30th International Congress of Physiological Sciences}, year = {1981}, pages = {287-289}, editor = {Szekely, G. , E. Labos, S. Damjanovich}, publisher = {Pergamon Press}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, event_name = {30th International Congress of Physiological Sciences}, event_place = {Budapest, Hungary}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-08-027351-3}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6971, title = {Anatomical basis for divergence, convergence and integration in the cerebral cortex}, journal = {Sensory Functions: Proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences}, year = {1981}, pages = {411-419}, editor = {Grastyan, E. , P. Molnar}, publisher = {Pergamon Press}, address = {Oxford, Great Britain}, booktitle = {28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences}, event_name = {28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences}, event_place = {Budapest, Hungary}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-08-027337-8}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6973, title = {Skizze einer Theorie der Grosshirnrinde}, journal = {Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft: auf der 73. Jahresversammlung}, year = {1979}, month = {6}, pages = {201-206}, editor = {Rathmayer, W.}, publisher = {Fischer}, address = {Stuttgart, Germany}, booktitle = {Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft}, event_name = {72. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft}, event_place = {Regensburg, Germany}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6978, title = {Cell assemblies in the cerebral cortex}, journal = {Theoretical approaches to complex systems: Proceedings, Tübingen, June 11-12, 1977}, year = {1978}, pages = {171-188}, file_url = {fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/Theoretical-Approaches-to-Complex-Systems-1977-Braitenberg-171.pdf}, editor = {Heim, R. , G. Palm}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Theoretical Approaches to Complex Systems}, event_name = {Symposium Theoretical Approaches to Complex Systems 1977}, event_place = {Tübingen, Germany}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-08757-5}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6894, title = {Real Neural Networks}, journal = {Progress in Brain Research}, year = {1976}, pages = {197-205}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B7CV6-4S0GJW3-M-1&_cdi=18070&_user=29041&_pii=S0079612308609917&_origin=search&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1976&_sk=999549999&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzW-zSkzS&md5=f1ce9320fd720ab23e2bef4c4dc2e5db&ie=/sdarticle.pdf}, editor = {Corner, M.A. , D.F. Swaab}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {Perspectives in brain research}, event_name = {9th International Summer School of Brain Research 1975}, event_place = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-444-41457-6}, DOI = {10.1016/S0079-6123(08)60991-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6981, title = {The cerebral cortex from a neuroanatomical vantage point}, journal = {Proceedings of the 1975 International Conference on Cybernetics and Society}, year = {1975}, month = {9}, pages = {114-116}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, booktitle = {1975 International Conference on Cybernetics and Society}, event_name = {1975 International Conference on Cybernetics and Society}, event_place = {san Francisco, CA, USA}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6982, title = {On the representation of objects and their relations in the brain}, journal = {Physics and mathematics of the nervous system : proceedings of a Summer School, held at Trieste, August 21-31, 1973}, year = {1974}, month = {8}, pages = {290-298}, editor = {Conrad, M. , W. Güttinger, M. Dal Cin}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Physics and mathematics of the nervous system : proceedings of a Summer School, held at Trieste, August 21-31, 1973}, event_name = {Physics and mathematics of the nervous system : proceedings of a Summer School, held at Trieste, August 21-31, 1973}, event_place = {Trieste, Italy}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-07014-1}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6987, title = {Comparison of different cortices as a basis for speculations on their function}, journal = {Synchronization of EEG activity in epilepsies : a symposium organized by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria September 12-13, 1971}, year = {1972}, month = {9}, pages = {1-8}, editor = {Peitsche, H. , M. A.B. Brazier}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wien , Austria}, booktitle = {Synchronization of EEG activity in epilepsies : a symposium organized by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria September 12-13, 1971}, event_name = {Synchronization of EEG activity in epilepsies : a symposium organized by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria September 12-13, 1971Synchronization of EEG activity in epilepsies : a symposium organized by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vien}, event_place = {Wien, Austria}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-211-81064-1}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6988, title = {Periodic structures and structural gradients in the visual ganglia of the fly}, journal = {Information processing in the visual systems of arthropods : symposium held at the Department of Zoology, University of Zurich, March 6-9, 1972}, year = {1972}, month = {3}, pages = {3-15}, editor = {Wehner, R.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Information processing in the visual systems of arthropods : symposium held at the Department of Zoology, University of Zurich, March 6-9, 1972}, event_name = {Information processing in the visual systems of arthropods : symposium held at the Department of Zoology, University of Zurich, March 6-9, 1972}, event_place = {Zürich, Switzerland}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-06020-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6984, title = {In serach of the neurological wiring responsible for optomotor reactions in insects}, journal = {Proceedings of the III. International Symposium on Biocybernetics}, year = {1972}, pages = {93-97}, editor = {Drischel, H. , P. Dettmar}, publisher = {VEB Fischer}, address = {Jena, GDR}, booktitle = {III. International Symposium on Biocybernetics}, event_name = {III. International Symposium on Biocybernetics}, event_place = {Leipzig, German Democratic Republic}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 7003, title = {The structure of the visual ganglia in relation to studies on movement perception in the fly}, journal = {Atti del Congresso di Cibernetica}, year = {1971}, month = {10}, pages = {42-53}, editor = {Baldocchi, M. A., F. Lenci}, publisher = {Lito Felici}, address = {Pisa, Italy}, booktitle = {Congresso di Cibernetica}, event_name = {Congresso di Cibernetica}, event_place = {Cascania Terme, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 7005, title = {What sort of computer do we expect to find associated with the compound eye of flying insects?}, journal = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Biocybernetics}, year = {1971}, month = {9}, pages = {215-220}, publisher = {Fischer}, address = {Jena, GDR}, booktitle = {Internationales Symposium Biokybernetik}, event_name = {Internationales Symposium Biokybernetik}, event_place = {Leipzig, GDR}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6994, title = {The Anatomical Substratum of Visual Perception in Flies: A Sketch of the Visual Ganglia}, journal = {Proceedings of the international school of physics "Enrico Fermi ", 15-27 July 1968: Processing of optical data by organisms and by machines}, year = {1969}, pages = {328-340}, editor = {Reichardt, W.}, publisher = {Academic Press}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, booktitle = {Processing of optical data by organisms and machines}, event_name = {International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi": Course XLIII, 1968}, event_place = {Varenna, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 7008, title = {On chiasms}, journal = {Neural networks: Proceedings of the School on Neural Networks, June 1967 in Ravello}, year = {1968}, pages = {34-42}, editor = {Caianiello, E. R.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Neural networks: Proceedings of the School on Neural Networks, June 1967 in Ravello}, event_name = {Neural networks: Proceedings of the School on Neural Networks, June 1967 in Ravello}, event_place = {Ravello, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 6993, title = {On the neural optics behind the eye of the fly}, journal = {Cybernetic problems in bionics: Bionics Symposium 1966}, year = {1968}, pages = {1-1}, editor = {Oestreicher, H. L., D. R. Moore}, publisher = {Gordon and Breach Science Publ.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, booktitle = {Cybernetic problems in bionics: Bionics Symposium 1966}, event_name = {Cybernetic problems in bionics: Bionics Symposium 1966}, event_place = {Dayton, OH, USA}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 7009, title = {A note on the control of voluntary movements}, journal = {Cybernetics of neural processes: course held at the International School of Physics, sponsored by NATO at the Istituto di fisica teories, Università di Napoli, April 26 - May 13, 1962}, year = {1965}, pages = {1-6}, editor = {Caianiello, E. R.}, publisher = {Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche}, address = {Roma, Italy}, booktitle = {Cybernetics of neural processes: course held at the International School of Physics, sponsored by NATO at the Istituto di fisica teories, Università di Napoli, April 26 - May 13, 1962}, event_name = {Cybernetics of neural processes: course held at the International School of Physics, sponsored by NATO at the Istituto di fisica teories, Università di Napoli, April 26 - May 13, 1962}, event_place = {Napoli, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 7010, title = {Rückschlüsse auf die Funktionscharakteristik einzelner Neurone aus der Statistik spontaner Spikefolgen}, journal = {Gemeinsame Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biophysik e.V., der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Reine und Angewandte Biophysik und der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Strahlenbiologie}, year = {1964}, month = {9}, pages = {1-1}, publisher = {Metropress}, address = {Wien, Austria}, booktitle = {Gemeinsame Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biophysik e.V., der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Reine und Angewandte Biophysik und der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Strahlenbiologie}, event_name = {Gemeinsame Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biophysik e.V., der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Reine und Angewandte Biophysik und der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Strahlenbiologie}, event_place = {Wien, Austria}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ Braitenberg1964, title = {Ricerche di neuroanatomia e fisiologia}, year = {1964}, pages = {-}, editor = {Braitenberg, V., E. R. Caianiello}, publisher = {Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche}, address = {Roma, Italy}, event_name = {Ricerche teoriche e sperimentali di cibernetica svolte nell'anno accademico 1961-1962 nel Laboritorio di cibernetica presso l'Istitutio di fisica teorica dell'Università di Napoli}, event_place = {Napoli, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 7013, title = {Alcuni modelli funzionali della corteccia telencefalica dei Mammiferi}, journal = {X. Rassegna Internazionale Elettronica Nucleare e Teleradiocinematografica}, year = {1963}, month = {6}, pages = {155-182}, address = {Roma, Italy}, booktitle = {X. Rassegna Internazionale Elettronica Nucleare e Teleradiocinematografica}, event_name = {X. Rassegna Internazionale Elettronica Nucleare e Teleradiocinematografica}, event_place = {Roma, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 7015, title = {Histology, histonomy, histologic}, journal = {Nerve, brain and memory models: Symposium on Cybernetics of the Nervous System which was held as part of the 2. International Meeting of Medical Cybernetics at the Royal Academy of Sciences at Amsterdam from 16 - 18 April, 1962}, year = {1963}, pages = {160-176}, editor = {Wiener, N.}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {Nerve, brain and memory models: Symposium on Cybernetics of the Nervous System which was held as part of the 2. International Meeting of Medical Cybernetics at the Royal Academy of Sciences at Amsterdam from 16 - 18 April, 1962}, event_name = {Nerve, brain and memory models: Symposium on Cybernetics of the Nervous System which was held as part of the 2. International Meeting of Medical Cybernetics at the Royal Academy of Sciences at Amsterdam from 16 - 18 April, 1962}, event_place = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inproceedings{ 7026, title = {The cerebellar cortex as a timing organ: Discussion of an hypothesis}, journal = {Atti del 1. Congresso internazionale di medicina cibernetica: Napoli, 2-5 ottobre 1960}, year = {1962}, pages = {3-19}, publisher = {Società Internazionale di Medicina Cibernetica}, address = {Napoli, Italy}, booktitle = {Atti del 1. Congresso internazionale di medicina cibernetica: Napoli, 2-5 ottobre 1960}, event_name = {Atti del 1. Congresso internazionale di medicina cibernetica: Napoli, 2-5 ottobre 1960}, event_place = {Napoli, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Onesto N} } @Inproceedings{ 7038, title = {Ricerche istopatologiche sulla corteccia frontale di schizofrenici}, journal = {Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Neuropathology}, year = {1952}, pages = {621-626}, file_url = {/fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/Braitenberg_[0].pdf}, publisher = {Rosenberg & Sellier}, address = {Torino, Italy}, booktitle = {1st International Conference on Neuropathology}, event_name = {1st International Conference on Neuropathology}, event_place = {Roma, Italy}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 3818, title = {La borsa o la vita: an excercise in applied logics ; Appendix to: Remarks on the Semantics of "Information"}, year = {2006}, month = {1}, pages = {35-38}, editor = {Termini, S.}, publisher = {Springer-Italia}, address = {Milano, Italy}, booktitle = {Imagination and Rigor: Essays on Eduardo R. Caianiello‘s Scientific Heritage}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 3817, title = {Remarks on the Semantics of "Information"}, year = {2006}, month = {1}, pages = {31-38}, web_url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/h1x83865344596gn/fulltext.pdf}, editor = {Termini, S.}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag Italia}, address = {Milano, Italy}, booktitle = {Imagination and Rigor: Essays on Eduardo R. Caianiello’s Scientific Heritage}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1007/88-470-0472-1_3}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ CrespiReghizziB2003, title = {Towards a brain compatible theory of syntax based on local testability}, year = {2003}, pages = {17-32}, abstract = {Chomsky’s theory of syntax came after criticism of probabilistic associative models of word order in sentences. Immediate constituent structures are plausible but their description by generative grammars has met with difficulties. The type 2 (context-free) grammars account for constituent structure, but already trespass the mathematical capacity required by language, because they generate unnatural mathematical sets: a consequence of being based on recursive function theory. Abstract associative models investigated by formal language theoreticians (Schutzenberger, McNaughton, Papert, Brzozowsky, Simon) are known as locally testable models. A combination of locally testable and constituent structure models is proposed under the name of Associative Language Description, arguing that it equals type 2 grammars in explanatory adequacy, yet is compatible with brain models. Two versions of ALD are exemplified and discussed: one based on modulation, the other on pattern rules. A sketch of brain organization in terms of cell assemblies and synfire chains concludes.}, file_url = {fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/Crespi_Braitenberg03.pdf}, web_url = {http://www.crcnetbase.com/doi/abs/10.1201/9780203009642.ch3}, editor = {Martin-Vide, C. , V. Mitrana}, publisher = {Taylor & Francis}, address = {London, UK}, series = {Topics in computer mathematics ; 9}, booktitle = {Grammars and automata for string processing: from mathematics and computer science to biology, and back}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-415-29885-7}, DOI = {10.1201/9780203009642.ch3}, author = {Crespi Reghizzi S and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 1616, title = {The Human Cortical White Matter: Quantitative Aspects of Cortico-Cortical Long-Range Connectivity}, year = {2002}, month = {5}, pages = {377-385}, web_url = {http://www.crcnetbase.com/doi/abs/10.1201/9780203299296.ch16}, editor = {Schüz, A. , R. Miller}, publisher = {Taylor & Francis}, address = {London, UK}, booktitle = {Cortical areas: unity and diversity}, state = {published}, ISBN = {978-0-415-27723-5}, DOI = {10.1201/9780203299296.ch16}, author = {Sch\"uz A{schuez}{Department Physiology of Cognitive Processes} and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 1196, title = {Cerebral cortex: Organization and Function}, year = {2001}, volume = {3}, pages = {1634-1660}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/referenceworks/9780080430768}, editor = {Smelser, N. J., P. Baltes}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-08-043076-7}, DOI = {10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/03443-4}, author = {Sch\"uz A{schuez} and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 1434, title = {Postlude: The neuroanatomy of time}, year = {2000}, pages = {391-396}, editor = {Miller, R.}, publisher = {Harwood Academic}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {Time and the brain}, state = {published}, ISBN = {90-5823-060-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 601, title = {Entspringt die Logik dem Gehirn oder das Gehirn der Logik?}, year = {1996}, pages = {119-129}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , I. Hosp}, publisher = {Rowohlt}, address = {Reinbek bei Hamburg, Germany}, series = {rororo : Sachbuch : rororo science ; 60254}, booktitle = {Die Natur ist unser Modell von ihr: Forschung und Philosophie ; das Bozner Treffen 1995}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-499-60254-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 602, title = {Gehirn (brain)}, year = {1996}, pages = {211-221}, editor = {Strube, G. , B. Becker}, publisher = {Klett-Cotta}, address = {Stuttgart, Germany}, booktitle = {Wörterbuch der Kognitionswissenschaft}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-608-91705-5}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Sch\"uz A{schuez}} } @Inbook{ 609, title = {Psychophysical Mapping of Orientation Sensitivity in the Human Cortex}, year = {1996}, pages = {19-36}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MiamiImageURL&_imagekey=B859T-4PB2V6T-3-1&_cdi=34915&_user=29041&_pii=B9780444820464500468&_check=y&_idxType=TC&view=c&wchp=dGLzVtz-zSkzV&md5=0252761999ada3a0f9cd4c3a738e6e24&ie=/sdarticle.pdf}, editor = {Aertsen, A. , V. Braitenberg}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {Brain theory: biological basis and computational principles}, state = {published}, DOI = {10.1016/B978-044482046-4/50046-8}, author = {Zanker JM and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6918, title = {Why is the output of the cerebellum inhibitory?}, year = {1994}, pages = {113-115}, editor = {Cordo, P. , S. R. Harnad}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge, Great Britain}, booktitle = {Movement control}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-521-45241-4}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Preissl H} } @Inbook{ 6865, title = {Wie kommen Ideen ins Gehirn?}, year = {1994}, pages = {153-171}, editor = {Braitenberg, V. , I. Hosp}, publisher = {Rowohlt}, address = {Reinbek bei Hamburg, Germany}, series = {Rororo ; 9706 : Sachbuch : rororo-science}, booktitle = {Evolution: Entwicklung und Organisation in der Natur ; das Bozner Treffen 1993}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-499-19706-5}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 1780, title = {Allgemeine Neuroanatomie}, year = {1993}, pages = {485-485}, note = {revised editions in 1995, 1998, 2001 and 2005}, editor = {Schmidt, R.F. , N. Birbaumer}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Neuro- und Sinnesphysiologie}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-56238-9}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Sch\"uz A{schuez}} } @Inbook{ 6858, title = {Intricacies of Movement Control: an essay}, year = {1993}, pages = {307-307}, web_url = {http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/524489/description#description}, editor = {Aertsen, A.}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, booktitle = {Brain Theory: Spatio-Temporal Aspects of Brain Function}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-444-89839-5}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 3906, title = {How Ideas Survive Evidence to the Contrary: a Comment of Data Display and Modelling}, year = {1992}, month = {6}, pages = {447-450}, file_url = {/fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/How%20ideas%20survive_3906[0].pdf}, editor = {Aertsen, A. , V. Braitenberg}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Information Processing in the Cortex: Experiments and Theory}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6920, title = {Manifesto of brain science}, year = {1992}, pages = {473-477}, editor = {Aertsen, A. , V. Braitenberg}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, booktitle = {Information Processing in the Cortex: Experiments and Theory}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6923, title = {Information from structure: a sketch of neuroanatomy}, year = {1991}, pages = {107-120}, editor = {Domany, E. , J. L. Van Hemmen, K. Schulten}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, booktitle = {Models of Neural Networks}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-387-51109-1}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6925, title = {Durch ein schmales Fenster betrachtet}, year = {1990}, volume = {2}, pages = {331-347}, editor = {Sloterdijk, P.}, publisher = {Suhrkamp}, address = {Frankfurt am Main, Germany}, booktitle = {Vor der Jahrtausendwende: Bericht zur Lage der Zukunft}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-518-11550-2}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6927, title = {Leggere la struttura del cervello}, year = {1989}, pages = {195-204}, note = {Original: Reading the structures of brains}, editor = {Viale, R. , M. A. Boden}, publisher = {Feltrinelli}, address = {Milano, Italy}, series = {Campi del sapere}, booktitle = {Mente umana, mente artificiale}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6930, title = {Some Arguments for a Theory of Cell Assemblies in the Cerebral Cortex}, year = {1989}, pages = {137-145}, editor = {Nadel, L. , L. A. Cooper, P. W. Culicover, R. M. Harnish}, publisher = {MIT Press}, address = {Cambridge, MA, USA}, series = {Computational models of cognition and perception}, booktitle = {Neural connections, mental computation}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-262-14042-X}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6934, title = {Structural Symmetries of Brains}, year = {1987}, volume = {1}, pages = {176-178}, editor = {Adelman, G.}, publisher = {Birkhäuser}, address = {Boston, MA, USA}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of neuroscience}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-7643-3335-9}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6931, title = {The Cerebellum and the Physics of Movement: Some Speculations}, year = {1987}, pages = {193-207}, file_url = {fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/The_Cerebellum_and_the_Physics_of_Movement.pdf}, editor = {Glickstein, M. , C. Yeo, J. Stein}, publisher = {Plenum Press}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, series = {NATO ASI Series : Ser. A ; 148}, booktitle = {Cerebellum and neuronal plasticity}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-306-42822-9}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6946, title = {Was das Gehirn mit Information zu tun hat}, year = {1986}, pages = {205-216}, editor = {Folberth, O. G., C. Hackl}, publisher = {Oldenbourg}, address = {München, Germany}, booktitle = {Der Informationsbegriff in Technik und Wissenschaft: wissenschaftliches Symposium der IBM Deutschland GmbH, 3. - 5. Dezember 1984 in Bad Neuenahr}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-486-20163-8}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 3936, title = {Charting the visual cortex}, year = {1985}, month = {6}, volume = {3}, pages = {379-414}, file_url = {/fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/Charting%20the%20Visual%20Cortex_Braitenberg_3936[0].pdf}, editor = {Peters, A. , E. G. Jones}, publisher = {Plenum Press}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, booktitle = {Cerebral Cortex: Visual Cortex}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6953, title = {An isotropic network which implicitly defines orientation columns: discussion of a hypothetis}, year = {1985}, pages = {479-484}, editor = {Rose, D. , V. G. Dobson}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Chichester}, booktitle = {Models of the visual cortex}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-471-90697-2}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6956, title = {Associativnaja sistema v kore golovnogo mozga mysi}, year = {1985}, pages = {34-42}, note = {Associative systems in the cerebral cortex of the mouse}, editor = {Batuev, A. S.}, publisher = {Nauka}, address = {Leningrad, Soviet Union}, booktitle = {Associativnye sistemy mozga}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6955, title = {Kolicestvennye aspekty anatomii kory golovnogo mozga v svete teorii nejronnych ansamblej}, year = {1985}, pages = {115-118}, note = {Quantitative aspects of cortical anatomy in the light of the theory of cell assemblies}, editor = {Chorayan, O. G.}, publisher = {Rostovskij Gosudarstvennyj Universitet}, address = {Rostov-na-Donu, Soviet Union}, booktitle = {Problemy nejrofiziologii i nejrokibernetiki}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6962, title = {Das Raster der neuronalen Elemente in der Sehrinde und seine neuro-physiologischen Konsequenzen}, year = {1984}, pages = {123-133}, editor = {Herzau, V.}, publisher = {Enke}, address = {Stuttgart, Germany}, series = {Bücherei des Augenarztes ; 98}, booktitle = {Pathophysiologie des Sehens: Grundlagenforschung und Klinik der visuellen Sensorik}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-432-93881-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6959, title = {Some quantitative aspects of cerebellar anatomy as a guide to speculation on cerebellar functions}, year = {1984}, pages = {186-200}, editor = {Bloedel, J. R., J. Dichgans, W. Precht}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, series = {Proceedings in life sciences}, booktitle = {Cerebellar Functions}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-13728-9}, author = {Fahle M and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 1793, title = {Some anatomical comments on the Hippocampus}, year = {1983}, pages = {21-37}, file_url = {fileadmin/user_upload/files/publications/Hippocampus_Braitenberg_Schuez.pdf}, editor = {Seifert, W.}, publisher = {Academic Press}, address = {London, UK}, booktitle = {Neurobiology of the Hippocampus}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-12-634880-4}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Sch\"uz A{schuez}} } @Inbook{ 6972, title = {Alcune considerazioni sui meccanismi cerebrali del linguaggio}, year = {1980}, pages = {96-108}, editor = {Braga, G. , V. Braitenberg, C. Cipolli, E. Coseriu, S. Crespi-Rhegizzi, J. Mehler, R. Titone}, publisher = {Franco Angeli}, address = {Milano, Italy}, booktitle = {L‘accostamento interdisciplinare allo studio del linguaggio}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6979, title = {Cortical architectonics: General and areal}, year = {1978}, pages = {443-465}, editor = {Brazier, M. A.B., H. Petsche}, publisher = {Raven Press}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, series = {Monograph series / International Brain Research Organization ; 3}, booktitle = {Architectonics of the cerebral cortex}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-89004-140-7}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6974, title = {Tentative contributions of neuroanatomy to nerve net theories}, year = {1978}, volume = {3}, pages = {369-374}, editor = {Trappl, R. , G. J. Klir, L. Ricciardi}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, series = {Progress in cybernetics and systems research}, booktitle = {Progress in cybernetics and systems research: General systems methodology, fuzzy mathematics and fuzzy systems, biocybernetics and theoretical neurobiology}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-470-26371-7}, author = {Palm G and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6980, title = {Beyond the wiring diagram of the lamina ganglionaris in the fly}, year = {1976}, pages = {238-244}, editor = {Zettler, F. , D. L. Alkon}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, series = {Proceedings in life sciences}, booktitle = {Neural principles in vision}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-07839-8}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6985, title = {Golgi methods}, year = {1973}, pages = {229-232}, editor = {Gray, P.}, publisher = {Van Nostrand Reinhold}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, booktitle = {The encyclopedia of microscopy and microtechnique}, state = {published}, ISBN = {0-442-22812-0}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6986, title = {Principles of the mosaic organization in the visual system‘s neuropil of Musca domestica}, year = {1973}, volume = {7,3,A}, pages = {631-659}, editor = {Autrum, H. , R. Jung}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, series = {Handbook of sensory physiology}, booktitle = {Central processing of visual information, Part A: Integrative functions and comparative data}, state = {published}, ISBN = {3-540-05769-2}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Strausfeld NJ} } @Inbook{ 3430, title = {Datenübertragung im Klomplexauge der Fliege}, year = {1970}, pages = {105-113}, editor = {Frank, H.}, publisher = {Umschau Verlag}, address = {Frankfurt a. M., Germany}, edition = {7.}, booktitle = {Kybernetik: Brücke zwischen den Wissenschaften}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb} and Kirschfeld K{kuno}} } @Inbook{ 7006, title = {Models of brain function: Discussion}, year = {1969}, pages = {768-771}, editor = {Jasper, H. H., A. A. Ward, A. Pope}, publisher = {Little, Brown & Co.}, address = {Boston, MA, USA}, booktitle = {Basic Mechanisms of the epilepsies}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6904, title = {Is the Cerebellar Cortex a Biological Clock in the Millisecond Range?}, year = {1967}, pages = {334-346}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079612308609711}, editor = {Fox, C.A. , R.S. Snider}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, series = {Progress in Brain Research ; 25}, booktitle = {The Cerebellum}, state = {published}, ISBN = {978-0-444-40243-1}, DOI = {10.1016/S0079-6123(08)60971-1}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 6911, title = {Taxis, Kinesis and Decussation}, year = {1965}, pages = {210-222}, web_url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079612308601636}, editor = {Wiener, N. , J.P. Schadé}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands}, series = {Progress in Brain Research ; 17}, booktitle = {Cybernetics of the Nervous System}, state = {published}, ISBN = {78-0-444-40643-9}, DOI = {10.1016/S0079-6123(08)60163-6}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 7012, title = {Some old ideas about the human brain from a recent point of view}, year = {1964}, pages = {1-1}, editor = {Northrop, F. S.C., H. H. Livingston}, publisher = {Harper & Row}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, booktitle = {Cross-cultural understanding: epistemology in anthropology}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 7032, title = {The brain as a whole}, year = {1959}, pages = {42-64}, editor = {Schaltenbrand, G.}, publisher = {Thieme}, address = {Stuttgart, Germany}, booktitle = {Einführung in die stereotaktischen Operationen mit einem Atlas des menschlichen Gehirns}, state = {published}, author = {Wahlen W and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 7033, title = {Die Gliederung der Stirnhirnrinde auf Grund ihres Markfaserbaus}, year = {1956}, pages = {183-203}, editor = {Rehwald, E.}, publisher = {Thieme}, address = {Stuttgart, Germany}, booktitle = {Das Hirntrauma: Beiträge zur Behandlung, Begutachtung und Betreuung Hirnverletzter}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Inbook{ 7036, title = {Ponte}, year = {1955}, volume = {7}, pages = {1-1}, publisher = {Sansoni}, address = {Firenze, Italy}, booktitle = {Enciclopedia medica italiana}, state = {published}, author = {Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Poster{ 4912, title = {Hypercolumns vs. pinwheels}, journal = {Neural Plasticity}, year = {2007}, month = {9}, volume = {2007}, pages = {36}, abstract = {“Optical imaging” maps of the visual cortex after systematic application of variously oriented visual stimuli provide an opportunity to test different hypotheses on the distribution of orientation sensitive neurons over the surface of the cortex. Rectilinear “slabs” of uniform orientation, as postulated in some earlier models, are not supported by the evidence. What is compatible with the optical imaging maps is the arrangement of neurons with different orientation around centers, regularly spaced at distances of about 0.5mm in a hexagonal array. According to the model proposed by [3], the orientations to which the neurons are sensitive should be arranged either radially, or, more likely, like the tangents [1] of circles around said centers, whereby in either case twice the same orientation occurs in opposite positions of the “hypercolumn” thus defined. The centers of the hypercolumns very likely coincide with the so-called cytochrome oxidase “blobs” which are spaced at the same distance. The fact that within these “blobs” orientation tuning of cortical neurons becomes undefined [4], makes the array of orientations around these centers less spectacular, and indeed other interpretations of the coloured maps produced by optical recording were put forward. So-called “pinwheels” stole the show, that is centers around which neurons with different orientation sensitivity crowd with the colours representing their orientation clashing without interposed indifferent regions. In these pinwheels each of the different orientations occurs only once as you go full circle around their center. They most likely correspond to the corners between the hypercolumns in their hexagonal array, and the different orientations within one “pinwheel” most likely belong to three different hypercolumns that meet there [2]. The distinction between the two entities, orientation hypercolumns and pinwheels may sound academic but becomes crucial when one endeavours to underpin orientation specificity of cortical neurons with schemes of neuronal interactions at the elementary level. The accompanying illustration should help the reader to partake in this discussion.}, web_url = {http://www.hindawi.com/journals/np/2007/023250/abs/}, event_name = {39th Annual General Meeting of the European Brain and Behaviour Society}, event_place = {Trieste, Italy}, state = {published}, DOI = {doi:10.1155/2007/23250}, author = {Valverde M{valverde} and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Poster{ 4859, title = {Pinwheels vs. Bow Ties}, year = {2007}, month = {7}, volume = {10}, pages = {93}, abstract = {“Optical imaging” of the visual cortex after application of variously oriented visual stimuli provides an opportunity to test different models of the distribution of orientation sensitive neurons over the surface of the cortex. Rectilinear “slabs” of uniform orientation are not supported by the evidence. What is compatible with the optical imaging is the arrangement of neurons with different orientation around centers, regularly spaced at distances of about 0.5 mm in a hexagonal array. According to a model proposed in 1979 [1], the orientations to which the neurons are sensitive should be arranged either radially, or, more likely, like the tangents [2] of circles around said centers, whereby in either case twice the same orientation occurs in opposite positions of the “hypercolumn” thus defined. For this reason each colour, indicating a certain orientation on the optical recording maps, should form a blotch the shape of two sectors meeting at the center of the hypercolumn. We chose the term “bow tie” for this configuration, to match the facetiousness of the competing term “pinwheel”. The centers of the hypercolumns very likely coincide with the so-called cytochrome oxidase “blobs” which are spaced at the same distance. The fact that within these “blobs” orientation tuning of cortical neurons becomes rather undefined [3], makes the array of orientations around these centers less spectacular, and indeed other interpretations of the coloured maps were put forward. “Pinwheels” stole the show, i.e. centers around which neurons with different orientation sensitivity crowd with the colours representing their orientation clashing without interposed indifferent regions. In these pinwheels each of the different orientations occurs only once as you go full circle around their center. They most likely correspond to the corners between the hypercolumns in their hexagonal array, and the different orientations within one “pinwheel” most likely belong to three different hypercolumns that meet there [4]. The distinction between the two entities, orientation hypercolumns and pinwheels may sound academic but becomes crucial when one endeavours to underpin orientation specificity of cortical neurons with schemes of neuronal interactions at the elementary level. This is fairly easy in the case of the hypercolumns under the assumption that in their centers are housed special inhibitory neurons [2], while a similar elementary scheme was never found as an explanation of the pinwheels. On the coloured maps obtained with “optical recording” it is possible to discern both “pinwheels” and “bow ties” as an aid to the localization of the two types of centers.}, web_url = {http://www.twk.tuebingen.mpg.de/twk07/abstract.php?_load_id=valverde01}, event_name = {10th Tübinger Wahrnehmungskonferenz (TWK 2007)}, event_place = {Tübingen, Germany}, state = {published}, author = {Valverde M{valverde} and Braitenberg V{braitenb}} } @Poster{ 2485, title = {Cortico-Cortical Connectivity in the Human Brain: A Study on the Cortical White Matter}, year = {2004}, month = {2}, volume = {7}, pages = {112}, abstract = {The human cortical white matter has a volume nearly as large as the grey matter. Most of it is composed of bers connecting the cortex to itself. These bres can be divided into the following systems: 1) short bres which follow the gyri and sulci of the grey matter (the U- bre-system), 2) longer bres which make short-cuts between more distant gyri, 3) long bres which run in fascicles in the depth of the white matter and connect the different cortical lobes with each other, and 4) bres of the Corpus callosum. In this study we make an estimate of the quantitative composition of some of these sytems. This gives insights into the organization of cortico-cortical connectivity in the human brain which is otherwise difcult to approach. In a rst approach, we dissected the long-range fascicles in the depth of the white matter. Measuring their cross sectional areas and multiplying these by the assumed density of bres one can estimate the number of bres in these fascicles. It turned out to be of the orders of and P.QSR P.Q